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Raw (L0)

L0 sample image

Product description

The L0 Product is the rawest product from Satellogic’s products family. It is composed of the raw frames coming directly from the sensor of the payloads without any modification or processing, along with the necessary metadata. The frames are simply packaged in a standardized format to create the L0 product. The units of each raster are in DNs directly from the sensor.

Given the nature of our payload design and operations, the L0 product is a set of overlapping frames, each with 4 areas corresponding to each of the RGB+NIR bands of the sensor.

There can also be a 2x (almost identical) overlap for MarkV satellites due to the HDR capture strategy.

Each of the frames is 16-bit or 8-bit single band Grayscale GeoTIFF. The GeoTiff location is coarsely defined by the onboard satellite telemetry to help with the fine location process. Each of the frames contains 4 regions, corresponding to RGB+NIR as depicted in the following image:

Mark IV Mark V
drawing drawing

The size of each frame varies by platform being 5120x5120 for Mark IV and 9344x7000 for Mark V.

The position of each band varies slightly between satellites and the exact position is defined in the metadata file for each frame.

Technical characteristics

Parameter

Mark IV

Mark V
Spectral bands

Blue : 450 - 510 nm
Green: 510 - 580 nm
Red : 590 - 690 nm
NIR : 750 - 900 nm

Blue : 450 - 517 nm
Green: 517 - 583 nm
Red : 597 - 690 nm
NIR : 759 - 890 nm

Frame size

5120 x 5120 pix

7000 x 9344 pix
GSDa

1.0 m

0.7 m
Swatha

5.1 km

6.5 km
Image bit depth

8 bit DNs

16 bit DNs
Algorithms applied

None
Geolocation Accuracy

350m CE90
Image format

GeoTiff, LZW lossless compression
Ancillary files

Metadata (JSON), preview (PNG), and thumbnail (PNG)

\(^a\) Varies with the altitude of the satellites and the off-nadir angle.

Packaging specification

An L0 capture is delivered as a package scene (via S3, FTP, or Zip download link) and packaged as a single folder with a flat structure containing all frames together with their corresponding ancillary files.

File names follow the following format: {DATE}_{TIME}_{SECOND_DECIMALS}_SN{SATELLITE}_{PRODUCT}_{PAYLOAD}_{SUFFIX}.{EXTENSION}, where

  • DATE: Year(4 digits)month(2 digits)day(2 digits)
  • TIME: Hour(2 digits)minute(2 digits)second(2 digits)
  • SECOND_DECIMALS: All the decimal part from the timestamp seconds
  • SATELLITE: Satellite number
  • PRODUCT: L0
  • PAYLOAD: MS for multispectral (4 bands)
  • SUFFIX: depends on the asset
  • EXTENSION: depends on the asset type

For instance, you can get the following file 20240902_125109_614_SN30_L0_MS_analytic.tiff. All time values refer to the capture time in UTC. Hence the string 20220619_153346_938represent actually 2022-06-19 15:33:46.938.

The list of files for each frame is:

  1. Analytic
  2. Preview
  3. Thumbnail
  4. Capture metadata
  5. STAC metadata

Images

For each frame, we provide the full resolution analytic raster as a single band GeoTiff as well as downsampled .png versions named preview and thumbnail (20x and 80x downsampling, respectively).

analytic preview thumbnail














Capture metadata

A first metadata files is provided for each frame: a capture-specific JSON containing metadata about the satellite, the payload and the capture at the moment of taking that specific frame. The SUFFIX is metadata and format is json.

The following parameters are expected in a JSON metadata file of an L0 product:

Field Name Description Example
supplier The name of the supplier of the imagery. 
Satellogic
productname The product name 
L0
scene_id The ID of the individual frame this metadata file corresponds to. 
20240902_125109_614_SN30_L0_MS
sceneset_id The UUID of the entire capture this individual frame is part of. 
f1c8eeb1-f5fc-4a17-b107-2e5174c25b68
satellite_class The satellite class this individual frame is from. 
NewSat
satellite_name The name of the satellite that took this frame. Format: newsat<N>, with N>0 
newsat30
timestamp The timestamp of the corresponding individual frame, in ISO8601 
2024-09-02T12:51:09.614415+00:00
footprint The estimated footprint of the individual frame. Each coordinate is a longitude/latitude pair. Together they define a closed loop. 
{
    "type": "Polygon",
    "coordinates": [
      [
      [20.54603184801816, 50.891245456320085],
      [20.619985731541103, 50.885050659712675],
      [20.602281516301147, 50.83972901918288],
      [20.528327632778204, 50.84592984054603],
      [20.54603184801816, 50.891245456320085]
      ]
    ]
}
metadata → telemetry → estimated_error The estimated errors of the measurements provided in this document in deg, deg, deg, m, m 
{
  "payload_attitude_roll_error": 0.003702757106596987,
  "payload_attitude_pitch_error": 0.004066871556403458,
  "payload_attitude_yaw_error": 0.00370383974827634,
  "satellite_position_error_xyz": 47,
  "satellite_altitude_error": 47.2
}
metadata → telemetry → payload_attitude LVLH (“Local Vertical Local Horizontal” reference frame) to Payload. The rotation between the Payload Reference Frame and Orbit Reference. 
{
  "roll": -17.462713685533394,
  "pitch": -18.067429384447212,
  "yaw": 86.52986737766115,
  "qi": -0.21553685507321207,
  "qj": -0.010262212318849226,
  "qk": 0.6863838826293411,
  "qr": 0.6944895368327322
}
metadata → telemetry → payload_attitude_ecef The estimated payload attitude with respect to ECEF. Roll/pitch/yaw are angles in degrees; qi/qj/qk/qr are the attitude quaternion. 
{
  "roll": -156.61375353315677,
  "pitch": 23.59771692117737,
  "yaw": 67.4330283878286,
  "qi": 0.7743188266460452,
  "qj": -0.5665504480556272,
  "qk": 0.056430855917892694,
  "qr": -0.2761639060591265
}
metadata → telemetry → satellite_attitude_calculated_ecef2body The estimated satellite attitude with respect to ECEF. Calculated using internal tools. 
{
  "qr": 0.27514077557430466,
  "qi": 0.7782452895749822,
  "qj": -0.5617941488731234,
  "qk": 0.054946857623027784
}
metadata → telemetry → body2sensor_quaternion The satellite body to sensor quaternion (for MSI / HSI). Default identity value if calibration isn’t performed. 
{
  "qr": 0.999984273632398,
  "qi": -0.0012972240863929375,
  "qj": 0.0009388672449488652,
  "qk": 0.005374776818772846
}
metadata → telemetry → satellite_altitude The satellite altitude at the moment of the capture, in meters. 
404433.6369
metadata → telemetry → satellite_nadir The estimated Nadir point in WGS84 at the moment of the capture. 
{
  "latitude": 51.726390395199196,
  "longitude": 22.905864473166723
}
metadata → telemetry → satellite_posvel The position and velocity of the satellite with respect to ECEF. 
{
  "pos_x": 3877487.1114285714,
  "pos_y": 1638382.3979910715,
  "pos_z": 5301508.870535714,
  "vel_x": 6158.478503069196,
  "vel_y": 540.6382928030831,
  "vel_z": -4662.158263462611
}
metadata → telemetry → location_calculated The longitude/latitude/altitude of the boresight of the satellite. 
{
  "latitude": 50.86553282927114,
  "longitude": 20.57425280453569,
  "altitude": -0.1888151979073882
}
metadata → telemetry → attitude Satellite attitude information, currently contains only the ecef2body data. 
{
  "ecef2body": [
      0.27514077557430466,
      0.7782452895749822,
      -0.5617941488731234,
      0.054946857623027784
  ]
}
metadata → telemetry → position Satellite position information, currently contains only the gps_ecef_meter data (position with respect to ECEF). 
{
  "gps_ecef_meter": [
      3877487.1114285714,
      1638382.3979910715,
      5301508.870535714
  ]
}
metadata → sun_elevation The estimated sun elevation measured at the target at the moment of the capture. Value in degrees. 
39
metadata → frame_index Internal assigned index to the individual frame in the capture. 
195
metadata → exposure_sec Exposure time in seconds. 
0.0018245
metadata → binning Low level configuration for sensor binning. 
[1, 1]
metadata → subsampling Sensor level configuration for subsampling. 
[1, 1]
metadata → advance_vector The advance vector of the satellite. Either 1 (when the satellite advances with its body +Y face) or -1 (when the satellite advances with its body -Y face). 
1
metadata → off_nadir The angle from the sensor between nadir (straight down) and the scene center. Measured in degrees (0-90). In case this angle cannot be computed, a value of -1 will be reported. 
24.9490357122
metadata → viewing_azimuth Viewing azimuth angle. The angle measured from the sub-satellite point (point on the ground below the platform) between the scene center and true north. Measured clockwise from north in degrees (0-360). 
166.1138701133
metadata → sun_azimuth Sun azimuth angle. From the scene center point on the ground, this is the angle between true north and the sun. Measured clockwise in degrees (0-360). 
72.333
metadata → incidence_angle The incidence angle is the angle between the vertical (normal) to the intercepting surface and the line of sight back to the satellite at the scene center. Measured in degrees (0-90). In case this angle cannot be computed, a value of -1 will be reported. 
26.55467459
metadata → payload Options are MS for multispectral and HS for hyperspectral. 
MS
metadata → gsd Ground Sampling Distance (in meters). Greatest value from metadata -> gsd_x and metadata -> gsd_y reported. 
1.024893091
metadata → gsd_x Ground Sampling Distance in x direction (in meters). Average value at the center of the frame. 
1.024893091
metadata → gsd_y Ground Sampling Distance in y direction (in meters). Average value at the center of the frame. 
1.015058561
metadata → product_version_L0 Product Version aligned with ICD version. 
1.0.0
metadata → software_version_L0 Internal software version used to process the product. 
0.6.22
metadata → sensor_position Sensor position for the frame, in millimeters. 
{
  "pos_x": 0.0,
  "pos_y": 0.0,
  "pos_z": 0.0
}
metadata → nss_version Internal satellite specs database version. 
0.71.0
metadata → last_modified Timestamp when the product was last processed. 
2024-09-02T14:34:07.826922+00:00
metadata → image_dimensions Dimension of frame in pixels. 
{
  "height": 5120,
  "width": 5120
}
metadata → valid_pixel Percentage of pixels that are valid (non 0-valued), from 0 to 100. 
100
metadata → product_metadata → satellite_serial_number Internal satellite serial number. Format: FM<sat_id> 
FM32
metadata → product_metadata → time_range Start and end timestamps, in Unix time format, for the entire associated capture. 
[
  1725281465.564875,
  1725282199.607398
]
metadata → product_metadata → rois Internal data describing the captured ROIs by the sensor. 
[
  {
      "bitmask": "MSB",
      "coord": [0, 0, 5119, 5119],
      "roi_id": 0
  }
]
metadata → product_metadata → category Internal identification of the capture. Possible values: (production, engineering, no_process) 
production
metadata → product_metadata → bands Position and information of each of the bands present on the raw frame. 
"blue": {
  "band_field_of_view": {
  "x_fov": 0.6286165523911111,
  "y_fov": 0.13652765747244444
  },
  "band_indices": {
  "y_max": 5075,
  "y_min": 45
  },
  "center_of_band": {
      "cob_x_px": 2560,
      "cob_y_px": 1899
  }
}
metadata → product_metadata → satellite Internal satellite serial number. Format: FM<sat_id> 
FM32
metadata → camera Internal camera name. 
micro
metadata → satellite_model Satellite generation category, mainly to differentiate between MarkIV and MarkV. 
MarkIV
metadata → satellite_attitude_calculated_ecef2body The estimated satellite attitude with respect to ECEF. Same as metadata → telemetry → satellite_attitude_calculated_ecef2body. 
[
  0.27514077557430466,
  0.7782452895749822,
  -0.5617941488731234,
  0.054946857623027784
]
metadata → satellite_position_calculated_ecef The position of the satellite with respect to ECEF. Values are X/Y/Z positions in meters. See also: metadata → telemetry → satellite_posvel. 
[
  3877487.1114285714,
  1638382.3979910715,
  5301508.870535714
]
metadata → source_frame_type Reserved for future internal use. 
standard
metadata → satellite_generation Satellite generation category, mainly to differentiate between MarkIV and MarkV. Same as metadata → model. 
MarkIV
Attachments Reserved for internal use. 
[
  {
    "file_name": "20240902_125109_614_SN30_L0_MS_thumbnail.tiff",
    "metadata": {},
    "url": "../image_20240902-125109-614_0221_thumbnail.tiff",
    "source": "internal"
  }
]
Rasters Reserved for internal use. 
[
  {
    "file_name": "20240902_125109_614_SN30_L0_MS_analytic.tiff",
    "bands": ["raw"],
    "url": "../image_20240902-125109-614_0221.tiff",
    "source": "internal"
  }
]

Note

Non documented files or parameters should be ignored.

STAC metadata

The L0 frames are internally stored in our STAC catalog. Each frame of a capture is a single item in the corresponding collection. In the packaging we also deliver a second json file with the corresponding STAC item metadata (see STAC Common metadata). The filename format takes the product version as SUFFIX.

The following table shows the description of each field provided in the file:

Prefix Field Name Description Example
n/a id Unique identifier for the STAC item 
20250930_025801_143_SN45_L0_MS_1_0_0
n/a bbox Item bounding box 
[
  119.56896495671906,
  23.62805912936759,
  119.65730868533569,
  23.690097800133774
],
n/a assets List of the assets available for a given item 
{
  "preview": {
      "href": "link to the file",
      "type": "image/png",
      "roles": [
          "overview"
      ]
  },
  "analytic": {...},
  "metadata": {...},
  "thumbnail": {...}
}
n/a collection Collection name 
l0
properties gsd Ground sample distance in meters 
0.90
properties proj : shape Dimension of image in pixels (Height x Width) 
[7000, 9344]
properties instruments Options are MS for multispectral and HS for hyperspectral 
ms
properties platform Satellite name 
newsat45
properties view : azimuth Viewing azimuth angle. The angle measured from the sub-satellite point (point on the ground below the platform) between the scene center and true north. Measured clockwise from north in degrees (0-360) 
166.1138
properties view : off_nadir The angle from the sensor between nadir (straight down) and the scene center. Measured in degrees (0-90). In case this angle cannot be computed, a value of -1 will be reported 
24.9490
properties view : sun_elevation The estimated sun elevation measured at the target at the moment of the capture. Value in degrees. 
60
properties view : sun_azimuth Sun azimuth angle. From the scene center point on the ground, this is the angle between true north and the sun. Measured clockwise in degrees (0-360) 
72.3332
properties view : incidence_angle The incidence angle is the angle between the vertical (normal) to the intercepting surface and the line of sight back to the satellite at the scene center. Measured in degrees (0-90). In case this angle cannot be computed, a value of -1 will be reported. 
26.55467459
properties satl : outcome_id The UUID of the entire capture this individual frame is part of 
ffbabb4f-3a97-45ec-bca3-0e4d56608c1c
properties satl : satellite_generation Satellite generation category, mainly to differentiate between MarkIV and MarkV 
MarkV
properties satl : nss_version Internal satellite specs database version 
0.89.6
properties satl : valid_pixel Percentage of pixels that are valid, from 0 to 100 
100
properties satl : exposure_sec Exposure time of capture in seconds 
0.002769
properties satl : product_name The product name 
L0
properties satl : last_modified Timestamp when the product was last processed 
2025-09-30T04:30:38.122305+00:00
properties satl : transaction_id Internal processing transaction identifier 
l0-pipeline-cw5td
properties satl : product_version Product Version aligned with ICD version 
1.0.0
properties satl : software_version Internal software version used to process the product 
0.6.22
properties satl : satellite_altitude Satellite altitude in meters 
498240.1195991831
properties satl-qa : dr_blue Dynamic Range for the blue bandc, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
96.728
properties satl-qa : dr_green Dynamic Range for the green bandc, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
123.545
properties satl-qa : dr_red Dynamic Range for the red bandc, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
150.386
properties satl-qa : dr_nir Dynamic Range for the NIR bandc, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
81.207
properties satl-qa : snr_blue Signal To Noise Ratio for the blue band, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
64.353
properties satl-qa : snr_green Signal To Noise Ratio for the green band, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
56.291
properties satl-qa : snr_red Signal To Noise Ratio for the red band, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
38.133
properties satl-qa : snr_nir Signal To Noise Ratio for the NIR band, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
23.073
properties satl-qa : burnt_blue Burnt pixels percentage for the blue band, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
0
properties satl-qa : burnt_green Burnt pixels percentage for the green band, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
0
properties satl-qa : burnt_red Burnt pixels percentage for the red band, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
0
properties satl-qa : burnt_nir Burnt pixels percentage for the NIR band, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
0
properties satl-qa : sharpness_fwhm_act_blue Full Width Half Maximum across-track value in pixels for blue bandb, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
-999
properties satl-qa : sharpness_fwhm_act_green Full Width Half Maximum across-track value in pixels for green bandb, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
3.675
properties satl-qa : sharpness_fwhm_act_red Full Width Half Maximum across-track value in pixels for red bandb, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
3.241
properties satl-qa : sharpness_fwhm_act_nir Full Width Half Maximum across-track value in pixels for NIR bandb, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
-999
properties satl-qa : sharpness_fwhm_alt_blue Full Width Half Maximum along-track value in pixels for blue bandb, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
-999
properties satl-qa : sharpness_fwhm_alt_green Full Width Half Maximum along-track value in pixels for green bandb, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
3.008
properties satl-qa : sharpness_fwhm_alt_red Full Width Half Maximum along-track value in pixels for red bandb, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
2.846
properties satl-qa : sharpness_fwhm_alt_nir Full Width Half Maximum along-track value in pixels for NIR bandb, In case this metric cannot be computed, a value of -999 will be reported 
-999
properties satl-qa : qa_software_version Quality Control project SW version 
2.11.2
properties satl-insights : lulc_snow Land use/land cover percentage for snow 
0
properties satl-insights : lulc_urban Land use/land cover percentage for urban areas 
8.1
properties satl-insights : lulc_water Land use/land cover percentage for water 
77.3
properties satl-insights : lulc_forest Land use/land cover percentage for forest 
12.6
properties satl-insights : lulc_bareland Land use/land cover percentage for bare land 
0.5
properties satl-insights : lulc_cropland Land use/land cover percentage for cropland 
0
properties satl-insights : lulc_grassland Land use/land cover percentage for grassland 
1.5

\(^b\) See Sharpness. Due to the provisional use of a feature mask that may fail to mask textured clouds, the reported sharpness metric should be considered fully reliable only in frames without cloud cover. A proper cloud mask implementation is pending.

\(^c\) Detailed documentation pending.

Note

Non documented files or parameters should be ignored.

Digital signature

Additionally, every L0 package includes a digital signature to ensure data authenticity and integrity. Each package contains a manifest file and cryptographic signature that allows verification that the delivered data has not been tampered with. Learn more about Digital Signature verification.

Known issues

No issue to be reported here

Changelog

Version Release date Change log
1.1.1 01/06/2026
    Fixed
  • Valid pixels computation fixed by correctly accounting for 0 valued data in the images
    • Changed
  • Set GeoTiff band description to raw
1.1.0 17/11/2025
    Changed
  • Changed convention of view:azimuth to, the angle measured from the satellite point (point on the ground below the platform) between the scene center and true north. Measured clockwise from north in degrees (0-360). As defined in STAC View extension
ICD 1.0.0 03/09/2024
    Added
  • Initial release

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